This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:. Most cases of Addison's disease are caused by an autoimmune response that attacks and damages the adrenal glands over time. There is generally no cure for an autoimmune disorder, but the symptoms can be managed.
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Skip to main content. Immune system. Home Immune system. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ITP. Sometimes the cause of immune thrombocytopenic purpura is not known.
What are the symptoms of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura? Symptoms may include: The purple color of the skin after blood has "leaked" under it.
A bruise is blood under the skin. Persons with ITP may have large bruises from no known injury. Bruises can appear at the joints of elbows and knees just from movement. Tiny red dots under the skin that are a result of very small bleeds.
This is the most dangerous symptom of ITP. Any head injury that occurs when there are not enough platelets to stop the bleeding can be life threatening. How is idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura diagnosed? In addition to a complete medical history and physical exam, you may have these tests: Complete blood count CBC.
A measurement of size, number, and maturity of different blood cells in a specific volume of blood to measure platelets. Additional blood and urine tests. These tests are done to measure bleeding time and detect possible infections, including a special blood test called an antiplatelet antibody test.
Careful review of your medications Historically, a bone marrow aspiration was required to make a diagnosis of ITP. How is idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura treated? Specific treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura will be determined by your health care provider based on: Your age, overall health, and medical history Extent of the disease Your tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies Expectations for the course of the disease Your opinion or preference When treatment is necessary, the two most common forms of immediate treatment are steroids and intravenous gamma globulin: Steroids.
Steroids help prevent bleeding by reducing the rate of platelet destruction. Steroids, if effective, will result in an increase in platelet counts seen within 2 to 3 weeks. Side effects may include irritability, stomach irritation, weight gain, high blood pressure, and acne. Intravenous gamma globulin IVGG. Intravenous gamma globulin IVGG is a protein that contains many antibodies and also slows the destruction of platelets.
IVGG works faster than steroids within 24 to 48 hours. Other treatments for ITP may include: Rh immune globulin.
The internal clotting that occurs can use up a large number of platelets. Platelet-rich plasma therapy is a controversial treatment that is growing in popularity in sports science and dermatology. Learn more. Anemia is the most common blood disorder. The body does not have enough red blood cells and is unable to deliver enough oxygen around the body.
Sepsis happens when an infection triggers a potentially life threatening immune response throughout the body. Here, learn to spot it and what to do…. Platelet-rich plasma PRP treatment involves treating knee pain using a person's own blood. It is thought that the natural healing factors in blood….
What are the causes of a low platelet count? Medically reviewed by Alana Biggers, M. Causes Symptoms What are platelets?
Share on Pinterest Platelets are the component in blood that enables it to clot. Share on Pinterest People with a low platelet count may bruise more easily. What are platelets? Normal ranges. Share on Pinterest Blood tests can help identify a low platelet count. Living with thrombocytopenia. What is ITP? The specific cause behind why ITP develops is usually unknown and can differ from person to person. ITP has been shown to develop:. While ITP can often seem mysterious as to why it occurs, the good news is that researchers continue to make progress in understanding the condition and its similarities to other autoimmune diseases.
Learn more about the science behind the causes of ITP. The symptoms of ITP can vary greatly from person to person, and some with ITP may show no signs of having the condition. In general, the lower your platelet count, the more symptoms you may have including:. ITP is a diagnosis of exclusion. Because there is no definitive test to diagnose ITP, your doctor will rule out other causes of low platelets, such as an underlying illness or medications you or your child may be taking.
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